This research was conducted in an incubator in Saskatoon, SK, in 2021. The stimulants of interest were pyroligneous acid, also known as wood vinegar or smoke water, as well as potassium nitrate, a form of nitrogen fertilizer. Potassium nitrate was chosen due to widespread use of nitrogen fertilizers and familiarity for farmers since equipment and knowledge is already present. Smoke water was chosen due to previous research and that wild oat may be sensitive to smoke due to fires frequenting the prairie and forest before widespread agricultural adoption.

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